_______ 1.	Cell-like structures that might have been the first life on earth
.	A. bacteria	B. protocells	C. viruses	D. none of these

_______ 2.	Cells with no nucleus or organells with membranes
.	A. prokaryotes	B. eukaryotes	C. protocells	D. none of these

_______ 3.	The genetic makeup of an organism
.	A. phenotype	B. genotype	C. DNA	D. none of these

_______ 4.	The genes for a trait are the same
.	A. homozygous	B. heterozygous	C. monohybrid	D. none of these

_______ 5.	The father of our modern system of classification
.	A. Carolus Linnaeus	B. Gregor Mendel,	C. Charles Darwin	D. none of these

_______ 6.	This group is written first in a scientific name
.	A. order	B. family	C. species	D. none of these

_______ 7.	Which of these is a product of photosynthesis
.	A. carbon dioxide	B. water	C. oxygen	D. none of these

_______ 8.	Which of these occurs in all cells
.	A. photosynthesis	B. respiration	C. both of these	D. none of these

_______ 9.	Plants that produce "naked" seeds
.	A. monocots	B. dicots	C. angiosperms	D. none of these

_______ 10.	Plants with one cotyledon
.	A. monocots	B. dicots	C. angiosperms	D. none of these

_______ 11.	A cotyledon is a
.	A. root	B. stem	C. fruit	D. none of these

_______ 12.	In science, never write a number without
.	A. units	B. doing calculations	C. a decimal point	D. none of these

_______ 13.	The SI units for mass are
.	A. grams	B. kilograms	C. kilometers	D. none of these

_______ 14.	The SI prefix milli represents
.	A. 100	B. 1000	C. 1,000,000	D. none of these

_______ 15.	One mile is approximately equal to
.	A. 1 kilometer	B. 1.5 kilometer	C. 2 kilometers	D. 3 kilometers

_______ 16.	This variable is always found on the Y axis of a graph
.	A. dependent	B. independent	C. control	D. none of these

_______ 17.	The number value for each square on a graph is called the
.	A. range	B. title	C. scale	D. none of these

_______ 18.	The type of sugar found in DNA
.	A. deoxyribose	B. ribose	C. glucose	D. none of these

_______ 19.	The process of duplicating the DNA molecule
.	A. replication	B. translation	C. transcription	D. none of these

_______ 20.	A segment of DNA on a chromosome that controls a particular trait
.	A. allele	B. base	C. gene	D. none of these

_______ 21.	The chemical equation for respiration is:
.	A. Glucose + Carbon dioxide -> oxygen + water	B. Glucose + oxygen -> Carbon dioxide + water	C. water + oxygen -> glucose + Carbon dioxide	D. none of these

_______ 22.	Most mutations are
.	A. minor	B. harmful	C. useful	D. none of these

_______ 23.	This type of mutation occurs only in sex cells
.	A. chromosome	B. gene	C. somatic	D. none of these

_______ 24.	Uncontrolled cell division is
.	A. mutation	B. cancer	C. translation	D. none of these

_______ 25.	This term means "disease causing"
.	A. virulent	B. temperate	C. bacteria	D. none of these

_______ 26.	The hollow tube in cordates that becomes the spinal cord and brain in vertebrates
.	A. notochord	B. dorsal nerve cord	C. gill slit	D. none of these

_______ 27.	Which of these is NOT a part of the axial skeleton of vertebrates
.	A. skull	B. backbone	C. pelvic girdle	D. none of these

_______ 28.	Which of these is a class of fish
.	A. agnatha	B. chondrichthyes	C. osteichthyes	D. all of these

_______ 29.	Coelacanths belong to which of these groups of fish
.	A. ray-finned	B. lobe-finned	C. lungfish	D. none of these

_______ 30.	Which of these types of fins is found only on catfish and trout
.	A. caudal	B. dorsal	C. pelvic	D. none of these

_______ 31.	Fish use this system to detect vibrations in the water
.	A. gills	B. lateral line	C. ears	D. none of these

_______ 32.	Which of these has a smooth, moist skin
.	A. fish	B. amphibians	C. reptiles	D. none of these

_______ 33.	If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution it will
.	A. expand and possible explode	B. decrease in size (shrivel)	C. remain the same (no change in size)	D. none of these

_______ 34.	The breakdown of complex molecules, like polymers, is called
.	A. macromolecules	B. hydrolysis	C. enzyme	D. none of these

_______ 35.	Amino acids are building blocks for this group of organic compounds
.	A. proteins	B. carbohydrates	C. fats	D. none of these

_______ 36.	This group of organic compounds does not dissolve in water
.	A. protiens	B. carbohydrates	C. fats	D. none of these

_______ 37.	How long ago did the first modern humans appear on earth?
.	A. 0.6 mya	B. 0.1 mya	C. 5.2 mya	D. 6 mya

_______ 38.	How old is the earth estimated to be?
.	A. 4.5 billion years	B. 4.5 million years	C. 1.5 billion years	D. 1.5 million years

_______ 39.	Mammals and birds are
.	A. ectothermic	B. endothermic	C. both of these	D. neither of these

_______ 40.	A tetrapod is a member of the group made up of amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals having
.	A. 2 limbs.	B. 4 limbs.	C. 4 limbs and a tail.	D. none of these

_______ 41.	John T. Scopes was a
.	A. scientist	B. teacher	C. lawyer	D. none of these

_______ 42.	The only pouched mammal native to North America is the
.	A. kangaroo	B. Tasmanian devil	C. opossum	D. none of these

_______ 43.	The small bone is the lower leg is called the
.	A. fibula	B. tibia	C. ulna	D. none of these

_______ 44.	The zygomatic arch forms the
.	A. nose	B. eyebrow	C. cheek	D. none of these

_______ 45.	Unrelated species becoming more and more similar in appearance because of shared environments.
.	A. evolution	B. convergent evolution	C. divergent evolution	D. none of these

_______ 46.	Sexual reproduction involves the joining of
.	A. gametes	B. dendrites	C. axons	D. none of these

_______ 47.	The largest portion of the human brain
.	A. cerebrum	B. cerebellum	C. midbrain	D. none of these

_______ 48.	Organisms with favorable variations survive and reproduce at a higher rate
.	A. evolution	B. speciation	C. natural selection	D. none of these

_______ 49.	A comparison of internal and external structures of organisms.
.	A. morphology	B. phylogeny	C. anatomy	D. none of these

_______ 50.	A group of organisms that mate and produce fertile offspring.
.	A. family	B. species	C. class	D. none of these

True-False questions - Use a plus (+) for true or a zero (O) for false.

_______ 51. A "standard" is something that is used as a comparison for measuring.

_______ 52. One pound is approximately equal to half a kilogram.

_______ 53. All living things are made of cells.

_______ 54. Ribosomes are the respiration centers of a cell.

_______ 55. Adenine is a nitrogen base found only on RNA.

_______ 56. Most human cells have 23 chromosomes.

_______ 57. Haploid cells have twice the normal number of chromosomes.

_______ 58. Gregor Mendel first proposed the chromosome theory.

_______ 59. Sex-linked traits have genes located only on the X chromosome.

_______ 60. Any change in the DNA of an organism is known as a mutation.

_______ 61. The tendency to develop cancer is thought to be hereditary.

_______ 62. Anything that damages cells will cause cancer.

_______ 63. Carcinoma is a type of cancer that occurs in skin and nerve cells.

_______ 64. The species in a scientific name is never capitalized.

_______ 65. Photosynthesis is the chemical process by which green plants use light energy to produce food.

_______ 66. All viruses must have a host cell to reproduce.

_______ 67. Strep throat is caused by a virus.

_______ 68. All members of the plant kingdom contain chlorophyll.

_______ 69. Xylem is composed of straw-like tubes conducting water and minerals upward in a plant.

_______ 70. Growing regions where cells divide in plants are known as tropisms.

_______ 71. The age of herbaceous plants can be determined by rings in the stem.

_______ 72. The male part of a flower is the stamen.

_______ 73. All flowers have both male and female parts.

_______ 74. Pollination and fertilization are the same thing.

_______ 75. A seed is a ripened ovary.

_______ 76. There are seven classes of vertebrates.

_______ 77. Sharks have a cartilage skeleton.

_______ 78. Ninety five percent of all fish are in the class agnatha.

_______ 79. No amphibians have claws on their toes.

_______ 80. Darwin said man evolved from monkey's.

_______ 81. ATP, the molecule organisms can actually use for energy.

_______ 82. Reptiles have a two-chambered heart.

_______ 83. The membrane lining the shell of an amniote egg is known as the glottis.

_______ 84. Hemotoxins are proteins that destroy red blood cells and disrupt blood clotting.

_______ 85. The ventral shell of a crayfish is known as the carapace.

_______ 86. Enamel is a hard, smooth covering protecting the crown of a tooth.

_______ 87. Incisors are shaped for puncturing and tearing.

_______ 88. Animals with horns shed them every year.

_______ 89. In the layers of sedimentary rock (rock record) older fossils are found closer to the surface then more recent fossils.

_______ 90. A Dolphin is more closely related to a shark then a wolf.

_______ 91. Evolution can now be observed by humans.

_______ 92. All mammals have hair.

_______ 93. The name of Darwin's book is the, Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection.

_______ 94. A population will remain in genetic equilibrium as long as mutations occur.

_______ 95. "Lucy" is one of the first hominid skeletons found to be just under 3.18 million years old.

_______ 96. Evolution is a biological fact.

_______ 97. Living things change over a period of time.

_______ 98. The population in a given area at a given time is known as carrying capacity.

_______ 99. Ninety five percent of all mammals are placental mammals.

_______ 100. Bats are the only mammal that can actually fly.